SYLLABUS


 


ADVANCED COURSE IN MEDICINAL SCIENCES


Syllabus has been designed as per the requirement in Current Medical science by the experts and core committee members of this institute.


Curriculum


Module : 1. Dosage form and Formulations


Module 2 : Chemical aspects of drugs


Module 3:  Human Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry


Module 4: Health & Pathology Education


Module 5: Pharmacological aspects of drugs


Module 6: Advanced Pharmaceutical concepts


Module 7: Project and assignment (Case Studies)


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


                                  


 


Module : 1. Dosage form and Formulations

 1   Introduction to Pharmacopoeias with special reference to the Indian Pharmacopoeia


  1. Metrology: Systems of weights and measures. Calculations including conversion from one to another system.
  2. Prescriptions-Reading and understanding of prescription; Latin terms commonly used (Detailed study is not necessary), Modern methods of prescribing, adoption of metric system. Calculations involved in dispensing.
  3. Posology: Dose and Dosage of drugs, Factors influencing dose, Calculations of doses on the basis of age, sex and surface area. Veterinary doses.
  4. Introduction of different dosage forms. Their classification with examples
  5. Packing of Pharmaceuticals: Desirable features of a container “types of containers. Study of glass and plastics as materials.
  6. NDDS


2.  Module 2: Chemical aspects of drugs    


1. All definitions and Formulas                                                               


2.  Basics of Inorganic chemistry: Modern periodic table and electronic  configuration :Shape of atomic orbital, Hunds rules, electronic configurations. Acid base theory, Buffers, Oxidation reduction, Basic chemistry. 


  1. Antimicrobial agents.                     


ii. Gastrointestinal agents-- Acidifying agents, Antacids, Protective’s and Adsorbents, Saline Cathartics


iii. Dental Products


iv. Respiratory stimulants


v. Expectorants and Emetics


vi. Antidotes-Sodium nitrate.


3. Organic Chemistry:   


  1. Structure and bonding in organic molecules.                                                                                                                                             
  2. Chemistry of Alkanes:  Classifications, IUPAC , Nomenclature                               
  3. Heterocyclic Systems: Nomenclature, All structures. Chemical name and official Preparation of various drugs.


Module 3:  Human Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry


  1. Structure and functions of various parts of the CVS . Arterial and venous systems with special reference to the names and positions of main arteries and veins. Blood pressure and its recording. Brief information about cardiovascular disorders. 
  2. Various parts of respiratory system and their functions. Physiology of respiration.Various parts of urinary system and their functions, structure and functions of kidney. Physiology of Urine formation. Pathophysiology of renal diseases and oedema.
  3. Various parts of  nervous system, brain and its parts, functions and reflex action. Anatomy and Physiology of autonomic nervous system. 
  4. Elementary knowledge of structure and functions of the organs of taste, smell, ear, eye and skin. Physiology of pain.
  5. Digestive system; names of the various parts of digestive system and their functions. Structure and functions of liver, physiology of digestion and absorption.
  6. Endocrine glands and Hormones. Locations of the glands, their hormones and functions. Pituitary, thyroid, Adrenal and Pancreas.
  7. Reproductive system -Physiology and Anatomy of Reproductive system. Demography and family planning; Demography cycle, fertility, family planning, contraceptive methods, behavioural methods, natural family planning method, chemical method, mechanical methods, hormonal contraceptives, population problem of India.
  8. Metabolism and Biochemical activities (carbohydrates, Protien, fats)



Module 4: Health & Pathology Education


  1. First aids: Emergency treatment in shock, snake-bite, burns poisoning, heart disease, fractures and resuscitation methods. Elements of minor surgery and dressings.

  1. Communicable diseases : Causative agents, modes of transmission and prevention.

(a)    Respiratory infections—Chicken pox, measles. Influenza, diphtheria, whooping cough and tuberculosis.

(b)    Intestinal infections: Poliomyelitis. Hepatitis. Cholera. Typhoid, Food poisoning, Hookworm infection.

c)    Arthropod borne infections-plague, Malaria, Filariasis.

(d)    Surface infections-Rabies, Trachoma, Tetanus, Leprosy.

(e)    Sexually transmitted diseases ---Syphilis. Gonorrhoea. AIDS.

  1. Non-communicable diseases-Causative agents, prevention, care and control; Cancer, Diabetes, Blindness, Cardiovascular diseases.
  2. Epidemiology: Its scope, methods, uses, dynamics of disease transmission, immunity and immunization: Immunological products and their dose schedule. Principles of disease control and prevention, hospital acquired infection, prevention and control. Disinfection, types of disinfection, disinfection procedures, for faeces, urine, sputum, room linen, dead-bodies, instruments.




Module 5: Pharmacological aspects of drugs


1.Introduction to Pharmacology


2. Routes of administration of drugs, their advantages and disadvantages.


3. Various processes of absorption of drugs and the factors affecting them, Metabolism, distribution and excretion of drugs.


4. General mechanism of drugs action and the factors which modify drug action.

 

(a) General anaesthetics,


(b) Analgesic antipyretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Narcotic analgesics, Antirheumatic and antigout remedies, Sedatives and Hypnotics, Psychopharmacological agents, anti convulsants, analeptics.


(c) Centrally acting muscle relaxants and anti parkinsonism agents


(ii) Local anaesthetics.


(a) Cholinergic drug, Anticholinergic drugs, anti cholinesterase drugs.


(b) Adrenergic drugs and adrenergic recepter blockers.


(d) Neuromuscular blockers, drugs used in myasthenia gravis.


(iv) Drugs acting on eye, mydriatics, drugs used in glaucoma.


(v) Drugs acting on respiratory system-Respiratory stimulants, Bronchodilators, Nasal decongestants, Expectorants and Antitussive agents.


(vi)Antacids, Physiological role of histamine and serotonin, Histamine and Antihistamines, Prostaglandins.


(vii) Cardio Vascular drugs, Cardiotonics, Antiarrhythmic agents, Antianginal agents, Antihypertensive agents, Peripheral Vasodilators and drugs used in atherosclerosis.


(viii) Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs. Haematinics, Coagulants and anti Coagulants, Haemostatics, Blood substitutes and plasma expanders.


(ix) Drugs affecting renal function-Diuretics and antidiuretics.


(x) Hormones and hormone antagonists-hypoglycemic agents, Antithyroid drugs, sex hormones and oral contraceptives, corticosteroids.


(xi) Drugs acting on digestive system-Carminatives, digestants Bitters, Antacids and drugs used in Peptic ulcer, purgatives, and laxatives, Antidiarrhoeals, Emetics, Antiemetics, Anti-spasmodics.


Chemotherapy of microbial disease ;Urinary antiseptics, Sulphonamides, Penicillins, Streptomycin, Tetracylines and other antibiotics, Antitubercular agents, Antifungal agents, antiviral drugs, antileprotic drugs.


6. Chemotherapy of protozoal diseases Anthelmintic drugs.


7. Chemotherapy of cancer.


8. Disinfectants and antiseptics.


Module 6: Advanced Pharmaceutical concepts: Sales promotions, Channels of Distribution, Schedules , Industrial psychology, Orientation of Pharma industries. Recruitment, training, evaluation and compensation of the pharmacist.


Module 7: Project and assignment (Case Studies)